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Hydropic change/
hydropic degeneration
This is the advance stage of
acute cellular swelling. Causes and mechanisms are same. Here, empty round
spaces without distinct outlines are found in the cytoplasm of cells. The
nuclei remain in normal positions.
Fatty change
It is the accumulation of
discrete droplets of neutral lipids (triglycerides) within the cytoplasm of
cells.
Glycogen deposition
It is the excessive
accumulation of glycogen in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of liver and
kidney, leukocytes, cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, spleen, lymphnodes and
brain due to faulty catabolism.
Myxomatous degeneration
It refers to a
pathological weakening of connective tissue. The term is most often used
in the context of mitral valve prolapse, which is known more technically as
"myxomatous mitral valve degeneration."
The degeneration occurs in
conjunction with an accumulation of dermatan sulfate,
a glycosaminoglycan, within the connective tissue matrix of the valve. The
exact mechanism is unknown.
Empty spaces in cytoplasm are
found in-
•
Fatty change
(spherical, sharp outline),
•
Glycogen
deposition (irrgular shaped, no outline),
•
Hydropic change
(irregular, hazy, no outline)
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