Virulence factors of E.Coli
- Pili: Helps in
adherence of organisms to the cells of (jejunum and ileum in case of
intestinal tract infection; urinary tract epithelium in case of Urinary
Tract Infections).
- Capsule: Interferes with phagocytosis, main roles in systemic infections.
- Endotoxin (Lipopolysaccharide): Responsible for
several features of gram negative sepsis such as fever, hypotension and
disseminated intravascular coagulation.
- Exotoxins e.g. enterotoxin which act on the cells
of jejunum and ileum to cause diarrhea. Other exotoxins are verotoxin,
shiga like toxin etc.
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