PPR (Peri- Parturient Rise)

PPR (peri- parturient rise):

This refers to an increase in the number of nematodes eggs in the feces of animal around parturition .The phenomenon is most marked in ewes, Sows, does.

Etiology:

A temporary relaxation in immunity, associated with changes in the circulating levels of the lactogenic hormone, prolactin (increase) at around parturition/lactating period.

The surface of the PPR is 3 folds-

1. Maturation of larvae arrested due to host immunity
2. An increased establishment of infections acquired from the pastures & a reduced turnover of existing adult infection.
3. An increased fecundity of existing adult worm population.

 (Contemporaneously, but associated with the relaxation of host immunity .The PPR may be augmented by the of maturation of hypobiotic larvae)

Result:

• Loss of production in lactating animals.
• By contamination of the environment lead to clinical disease in susceptible young stock.