Factors of Social change

Factors of Social change

Biological

1. Demographic factors – Population plays an important role in society it there is change in the composition of pop there is change in society by composition we mean the structure i.e. sex ratio. For balance in society the sex ratio should be 1:1 and if there is change in the ratio there is change in society if there are more females than the status & position goes down (because in Polygene more wives & the hubby now their status goes down). In the other case the females position rises. The bride –price increases (in the tribunal society).
   Age group – childhood, adulthood, old age. If the population of children is most then increase of population will be slower. If adults more than there will be rapid change in society cause they are the most regulative. In case of old more there is conflict in society they don't wish for change.
   Marital status in production of children. If girls are married young there will be over population & he health is also in danger. Status of women becomes lower. And if at too late a stage – a girl is married fertility is less. Changes in demography – Birth rate & Death rate. Higher birth rate creates a lot of problems. Malthus theme of population – Economics. Over population-poverty unemployment increases. Death – rate – man – power decreases.
   Immigration & Emigration – 1 is coming into country, 2 – going out of the country. Causes cultural problems leads to over population. 2 – Brain – drain is the problem.
2. Natural factors – now native affect society – National calamities, floods, epidemics affairs society in its social relationships (i) structure. People become selfish as during scarcities they are more bothered feeding themselves.
3. Technological factors
   1. Mechanization & social change – machines bring about this gave women the chance to work gave rise to women's tib.
      Unemployment & such problems arose these affected cottage industries.
   2. Urbanization – changed job opportunities.
      Transport gave rise is social contacts. Communication gives rise to greater awareness & is beans of recreation too.
      Atomic Energy & change
4. Cultural Factors
   Write about concept of cultural tag by w.f Ougbourn book – social change brings change. He says material & non – material change. Usually non-material can't cope up with material changed & gives rise to cultural lag.
   Change in values ideas & custom's changes society (Habits).
   In handbook of Sociology, he said if may so happen that material behind education, unization etc., too brings change in marriage system etc.
   Marxian theory of social change